我的征尘是星辰大海。。。
The dirt and dust from my pilgrimage forms oceans of stars...
-------当记忆的篇章变得零碎,当追忆的图片变得模糊,我们只能求助于数字存储的永恒的回忆
作者:黄教授
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大模型的参数崇拜阳谋2
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原始脚本
三,商业阳谋的三重闭环,厂商、硬件商、开源社区的博弈。 如果超大稠密模型是效率与成本的双输,为什么闭源厂商还要疯狂鼓吹?答案藏在商业博弈的三重闭环里。 一,对用户,用参数数字降低决策成本,支撑高价。 普通用户无法判断模型的门控效率、路由精准度、知识拟合度,他们能看懂的只有万亿参数这样直观的数字。 闭源厂商正是抓住了这一点,将参数规模与模型能力强绑定,制造出参数越多等于能力越强的认知陷阱。 在这种叙事下,用户愿意为万亿参数模型支付更高的费用。 哪怕这个模型的实际推理是靠背后的小模型集群完成的。 对于厂商而言,这是最高效的商业说服逻辑,无需解释复杂的技术架构,只需亮出参数数字就能收割高端市场。 二,对竞争对手,用巨额投入制造成本陷阱,拖垮对手。 训练一个万亿参数的稠密模型,需要投入数十亿的硬件采购成本、数千人的研发团队以及长达数年的回收周期。 这对于中小厂商而言,是一道无法逾越的门槛。 必源头部厂商的阳谋正在于此,故意鼓吹参数即正义,诱导竞争对手砸重金入局超大模型赛道。 一旦竞争对手背上高成本的包袱,要么因资金链断裂退出市场,要么被迫抬高定价,失去用户竞争力。 而头部厂商自己,早已悄悄切换到小模型集群的低成本路径,坐收渔利。 三,对硬件商与开源社区绑定利益,遏制创新这场阳谋的最大盟友,是硬件厂商。 以 NVIDIA 为例,厂商对超大模型的追逐直接转化为对 A100、H100、NVL64等高端显卡的海量采购。 2024年 NVIDIA 数据中心业务营收超600亿美元,核心增量就来自大模型硬件订单。 闭源厂商与硬件巨头形成了默契的利益共同体。 厂商造参数焦虑,硬件商卖高价设备,共同将中小厂商挡在赛道外。 而对于开源社区而言,参数崇拜的叙事更是一场灾难。 开源社区缺乏闭源厂商的资金实力,却在这种叙事下争相追逐更大的参数规模,试图缩小与闭源模型的差距。 最终的结果是,开源模型要么因资金不足研发失败,要么推出的模型因参数不足被贴上能力弱的标签,失去竞争力。 但讽刺的是,开源模型的最优解恰恰是拆分。 Mixtral 8X7B的成功已经证明了这一点。 只是在参数崇拜的洪流中,这样的成功显得太过微弱。 四,开源与闭源的分野,为什么开源选择拆分,闭源选择伪装?有人会问,既然拆分是最优解,为什么开源模型敢做,闭源模型却要伪装?答案在于两者的生存逻辑不同。 一、开源模型,生存是第一要务,效率高于叙事开源社区没有闭源厂商的资金实力,无法承担超大模型的训练与推理成本。 对于开源模型而言,能否用低成本实现高性能是生存的关键。 因此,开源模型天然会选择小专家加稀疏激活的拆分路径。 Mixtral 8×7B用8个7B专家实现了接近70B稠密模型的能力,推理成本却仅为后者的1/5。 这种设计是开源社区在资金有限的情况下做出的最理性选择。 而开源模型的偷懒,将多个专家整合到一个模型文件中,而非采用 Agent 调用的多模型架构,也是基于用户体验的考量。 对于普通用户而言,一个模型文件的部署门槛远低于一套 Agent 调度系统。 二,闭源模型,叙事高于效率,垄断才是目的。 闭源厂商的核心诉求不是效率,而是垄断。 他们需要用超大参数的叙事制造技术壁垒,让用户相信只有我们能做出这么强的模型。 因此,闭源厂商哪怕实际用的是小模型集群,也要对外宣称是万亿参数超大模型。 这种伪装既能收割高价用户,又能误导竞争对手,还能绑定硬件厂商的利益,形成一个完美的商业闭环。 五、结语,皇帝的新衣总要有人喊破,当整个行业都在追捧万亿参数时,我们开始怀疑这场狂欢的背后是不是一场精心策划的阳谋。 我们不是业内的顶级专家,只是用第一性原理拆解逻辑的普通人。 我们不知道闭源厂商的内部架构,也没有确凿的证据证明万亿参数模型是骗局。 但我们知道,从效率与成本的角度看,超大稠密模型是不成立的。 从商业博弈的角度看,参数崇拜是一场完美的阳谋。 就像那个喊出真相的小女孩,我们或许会被嘲笑无知、愚蠢。 但我们还是要说出自己的洞见,大模型的未来不是参数的竞赛,而是效率的比拼。 是小模型集群的精准调用,是 SMoE 架构的稀疏激活,是知识与规律的分层实现。 皇帝没有穿衣服,这场关于参数的骗局总要有人喊破。
修正脚本
三,商业阳谋的三重闭环,厂商、硬件商、开源社区的博弈。 如果超大稠密模型是效率与成本的双输,为什么闭源厂商还要疯狂鼓吹?答案藏在商业博弈的三重闭环里。 一,对用户,用参数数字降低决策成本,支撑高价。 普通用户无法判断模型的门控效率、路由精准度、知识拟合度,他们能看懂的只有万亿参数这样直观的数字。 闭源厂商正是抓住了这一点,将参数规模与模型能力强绑定,制造出参数越多等于能力越强的认知陷阱。 在这种叙事下,用户愿意为万亿参数模型支付更高的费用。 哪怕这个模型的实际推理是靠背后的小模型集群完成的。 对于厂商而言,这是最高效的商业说服逻辑,无需解释复杂的技术架构,只需亮出参数数字就能收割高端市场。 二,对竞争对手,用巨额投入制造成本陷阱,拖垮对手。 训练一个万亿参数的稠密模型,需要投入数十亿的硬件采购成本、数千人的研发团队以及长达数年的回收周期。 这对于中小厂商而言,是一道无法逾越的门槛。 闭源头部厂商的阳谋正在于此,故意鼓吹参数即正义,诱导竞争对手砸重金入局超大模型赛道。 一旦竞争对手背上高成本的包袱,要么因资金链断裂退出市场,要么被迫抬高定价,失去用户竞争力。 而头部厂商自己,早已悄悄切换到小模型集群的低成本路径,坐收渔利。 三,对硬件商与开源社区,绑定利益,遏制创新。这场阳谋的最大盟友,是硬件厂商。 以 NVIDIA 为例,厂商对超大模型的追逐直接转化为对 A100、H100、NVL64等高端显卡的海量采购。 2024年 NVIDIA 数据中心业务营收超600亿美元,核心增量就来自大模型硬件订单。 闭源厂商与硬件巨头形成了默契的利益共同体。 厂商造参数焦虑,硬件商卖高价设备,共同将中小厂商挡在赛道外。 而对于开源社区而言,参数崇拜的叙事更是一场灾难。 开源社区缺乏闭源厂商的资金实力,却在这种叙事下争相追逐更大的参数规模,试图缩小与闭源模型的差距。 最终的结果是,开源模型要么因资金不足研发失败,要么推出的模型因参数不足被贴上能力弱的标签,失去竞争力。 但讽刺的是,开源模型的最优解恰恰是拆分。 Mixtral 8X7B的成功已经证明了这一点。 只是在参数崇拜的洪流中,这样的成功显得太过微弱。 四,开源与闭源的分野,为什么开源选择拆分,闭源选择伪装?有人会问,既然拆分是最优解,为什么开源模型敢做,闭源模型却要伪装?答案在于两者的生存逻辑不同。 一、开源模型,生存是第一要务,效率高于叙事。开源社区没有闭源厂商的资金实力,无法承担超大模型的训练与推理成本。 对于开源模型而言,能否用低成本实现高性能是生存的关键。 因此,开源模型天然会选择小专家加稀疏激活的拆分路径。 Mixtral 8×7B用8个7B专家实现了接近70B稠密模型的能力,推理成本却仅为后者的1/5。 这种设计是开源社区在资金有限的情况下做出的最理性选择。 而开源模型的偷懒,将多个专家整合到一个模型文件中,而非采用 Agent 调用的多模型架构,也是基于用户体验的考量。 对于普通用户而言,一个模型文件的部署门槛远低于一套 Agent 调度系统。 二,闭源模型,叙事高于效率,垄断才是目的。 闭源厂商的核心诉求不是效率,而是垄断。 他们需要用超大参数的叙事制造技术壁垒,让用户相信只有我们能做出这么强的模型。 因此,闭源厂商哪怕实际用的是小模型集群,也要对外宣称是万亿参数超大模型。 这种伪装既能收割高价用户,又能误导竞争对手,还能绑定硬件厂商的利益,形成一个完美的商业闭环。 五、结语,皇帝的新衣总要有人喊破,当整个行业都在追捧万亿参数时,我们开始怀疑这场狂欢的背后是不是一场精心策划的阳谋。 我们不是业内的顶级专家,只是用第一性原理拆解逻辑的普通人。 我们不知道闭源厂商的内部架构,也没有确凿的证据证明万亿参数模型是骗局。 但我们知道,从效率与成本的角度看,超大稠密模型是不成立的。 从商业博弈的角度看,参数崇拜是一场完美的阳谋。 就像那个喊出真相的小女孩,我们或许会被嘲笑无知、愚蠢。 但我们还是要说出自己的洞见,大模型的未来不是参数的竞赛,而是效率的比拼。 是小模型集群的精准调用,是 SMoE 架构的稀疏激活,是知识与规律的分层实现。 皇帝没有穿衣服,这场关于参数的骗局总要有人喊破。
英文翻译
III. The Triple Closed Loop of Commercial Open Conspiracy: The Game Among Vendors, Hardware Manufacturers, and the Open-Source Community If ultra-dense models represent a lose-lose in both efficiency and cost, why are closed-source vendors vigorously promoting them? The answer lies in the triple closed loop of commercial gaming. 1. For users: Using parameter numbers to reduce decision-making costs and support high prices. Ordinary users cannot evaluate a model’s gating efficiency, routing accuracy, or knowledge fitting. What they can understand are intuitive numbers like trillions of parameters. Closed-source vendors exploit this by tightly coupling parameter scale with model capability, creating a cognitive trap where more parameters equal stronger ability. Under this narrative, users are willing to pay higher fees for trillion-parameter models—even if the actual inference is completed by a cluster of smaller models behind the scenes. For vendors, this is the most efficient commercial persuasion logic: no need to explain complex technical architecture, just flash the parameter numbers to harvest the high-end market. 2. For competitors: Using huge investments to create a cost trap and drain rivals. Training a trillion-parameter dense model requires billions of dollars in hardware procurement, thousands of R&D personnel, and a recovery period spanning several years. For small and medium-sized vendors, this is an insurmountable barrier. The open conspiracy of closed-source leading vendors lies precisely here: they deliberately advocate that parameters are justice, inducing competitors to pour heavy capital into the ultra-large model track. Once competitors are burdened with high costs, they either exit the market due to broken capital chains or are forced to raise prices and lose user competitiveness. Meanwhile, the leading vendors have already quietly switched to the low-cost path of small model clusters, reaping the benefits. 3. For hardware manufacturers and the open-source community: Binding interests and curbing innovation. The biggest ally in this open conspiracy is hardware manufacturers. Take NVIDIA as an example: the vendors’ pursuit of ultra-large models directly translates into massive procurement of high-end graphics cards such as A100, H100, and NVL64. In 2024, NVIDIA’s data center business revenue exceeded $60 billion, with the core increment coming from large model hardware orders. Closed-source vendors and hardware giants form a tacit community of interests: vendors create parameter anxiety, hardware manufacturers sell expensive equipment, together keeping small and medium-sized vendors out of the track. For the open-source community, the narrative of parameter worship is a disaster. Open-source communities lack the financial strength of closed-source vendors, yet under this narrative they scramble to chase larger parameter scales, trying to narrow the gap with closed-source models. The result is that open-source models either fail due to insufficient funding, or are labeled as weak in capability because of insufficient parameters, losing competitiveness. Ironically, the optimal solution for open-source models is precisely splitting. The success of Mixtral 8x7B has already proven this. But in the torrent of parameter worship, such success appears too weak. IV. The Divergence Between Open Source and Closed Source: Why Does Open Source Choose Splitting While Closed Source Chooses Disguise? Some may ask: since splitting is the optimal solution, why do open-source models dare to do it while closed-source models disguise? The answer lies in their different survival logics. 1. Open-source models: Survival is the top priority; efficiency outweighs narrative. Open-source communities do not have the financial strength of closed-source vendors and cannot afford the training and inference costs of ultra-large models. For open-source models, achieving high performance at low cost is the key to survival. Therefore, open-source models naturally choose the path of small experts plus sparse activation splitting. Mixtral 8×7B uses eight 7B experts to achieve capabilities close to a 70B dense model, but with inference costs only one-fifth of the latter. This design is the most rational choice for the open-source community under limited funding. And the "laziness" of open-source models—integrating multiple experts into a single model file instead of using an Agent-calling multi-model architecture—is also based on user experience considerations. For ordinary users, deploying a single model file has a much lower threshold than a set of Agent scheduling systems. 2. Closed-source models: Narrative outweighs efficiency; monopoly is the goal. The core demand of closed-source vendors is not efficiency but monopoly. They need the narrative of ultra-large parameters to create technical barriers, making users believe that only they can make such a powerful model. Therefore, even if closed-source vendors actually use small model clusters, they publicly claim to be trillion-parameter ultra-large models. This disguise allows them to harvest high-paying users, mislead competitors, and bind hardware manufacturers’ interests, forming a perfect commercial closed loop. V. Conclusion: Someone must cry out about the emperor’s new clothes When the entire industry is chasing trillions of parameters, we begin to suspect whether behind this frenzy lies a carefully orchestrated open conspiracy. We are not top experts in the field, just ordinary people using first principles to dissect logic. We do not know the internal architecture of closed-source vendors, nor do we have solid evidence that trillion-parameter models are a scam. But we know that from the perspective of efficiency and cost, ultra-dense models are untenable. From the perspective of commercial gaming, parameter worship is a perfect open conspiracy. Like the little girl who spoke the truth, we may be ridiculed as ignorant or foolish. But we must still voice our insight: the future of large models is not a parameter race, but a competition of efficiency. It is the precise invocation of small model clusters, the sparse activation of SMoE architectures, and the hierarchical implementation of knowledge and rules. The emperor has no clothes; someone must cry out about this parameter scam.
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