我的征尘是星辰大海。。。

The dirt and dust from my pilgrimage forms oceans of stars...

-------当记忆的篇章变得零碎，当追忆的图片变得模糊，我们只能求助于数字存储的永恒的回忆

作者:黄教授

手机视频列表

超过四大发明的中国古代纺织计算机

视频

音频

原始脚本

提到中国古代科技，大家脱口而出就是四大发明。
但很少有人知道，在古代世界，花楼织机是远超四大发明的古代世界的纺织计算机。
真正直接换来真金白银，相当于今天光刻机级别的硬核高科技，是中国的提花织机，也就是织出云锦、蜀锦。
宋锦的花楼织机。
很多人以为丝绸之路只是我们会养蚕抽丝，其实养蚕只是原材料，普通单色丝绸绢帛只能算普通商品。
真正让欧洲阿拉伯人愿意捧着黄金来换的，是织满龙凤花鸟、繁复纹样的织锦。
古语讲锦金也，一寸锦等价一寸黄金。
不是文学夸张，是真实的经济价值。
想要织出这种复杂图案，靠手工刺绣效率极低，必须依靠一台庞大的可编程机械。
花楼织机，它就是一台没有芯片的人肉计算机，和三体人肉计算机异曲同工。
刘慈欣三体里面，3万个士兵举着旗帜模拟逻辑门。
用人来跑计算程序。
而中国唐宋成熟的花楼织机，就是现实世界的人肉可编程机器。
它已经实现了现代计算机存储程序的核心思想。
可以做通俗的类比，不是电子计算机，是逻辑架构的相似。
一、花本等于 ROM 只读存储器，一套用丝线编织出来的绳结组合就是它的程序代码。
每一组绳结记录指令，这一根经线要抬起来，那一根经线保持不动。
想要换龙凤纹样、花卉纹样。
不需要改动机器硬件，直接更换一套花本，就相当于给机器加载一套新程序。
二、拽花工，楼上工人等于 CPU 控制器，他不织布。
专门读取存储器花本，按顺序拉扯花本，翻译绳结的指令，控制成千上万根丝线的升降，就像 CPU 逐条读取程序指令。
发出控制信号。
三，经线丝线等于数据总线，只有两种状态，抬起除以落下，抬起相当于二进制的一。
落下相当于零，万千根丝线组合起来，零和一排列，就在布面上拼出完整图案，和像素屏幕原理一模一样。
四、下方之手加梭子，扣等于输出设备。
执行完一套指令，梭子穿过，扣打紧，输出一行像素，一行一行循环执行。
最后完整的锦绣布匹就被打印出来。
五、程序计数器按顺序读取花本，一行接一行，走完整个花纹序列。
当然，它不是现代冯诺依曼完整计算机。
它没有条件判断，没有跳转分支，只能执行预先写好的固定程序，不能中途改写存储的内容。
但把程序预先存储在介质上，机器读取程序完成复杂输出，这个革命性思想，中国人一千年前就实现了。
欧洲一直到1804年雅卡尔提花机诞生，才做到同等能力。
雅卡尔机本质就是把中国人的丝线花本。
换成打孔硬纸板，把楼上的人肉 CPU 替换成金属探针机械结构，去掉人工，自动读取打孔卡。
这套打孔卡技术后来一路演化。
编程早期计算机的穿孔纸带深刻影响了近代计算机发展史。
在这之前上千年，欧洲本土没有等价设备，想要华丽的提花锦缎只能花钱从东方进口。
他们本土织布只能织简单纯色布，复杂花纹只能工人一根一根手工挑线，效率极低。
纺织机，古代的光刻机，顶级高科技。
会严格技术封锁。
很多人会觉得技术封锁、严防技术外泄是近现代才有的事。
其实工业革命时期，纺织机械就是当时的芯片光刻机。
属于国家命根子，封锁极其残酷。
英国掌握先进纺织技术之后，立法严禁纺织机器、图纸出口，严禁熟练技工移民海外。
抓到就要坐牢罚款，严防技术流到别国。
独立之后的美国几乎没有工业，重金悬赏全世界掌握纺织技术的人才。
英国学徒塞缪尔斯莱特熟记整套水利纺织机全部结构，乔装伪装成普通农民，偷偷偷渡到美洲，没有带一张图纸，全凭大脑记忆。
在美国复刻全套机器，建起美国第一座水利纺织工厂。
在英国，他被骂叛国者，在美国，他被尊为美国制造业之父。
这和今天大国封锁高端半导体设备逻辑一模一样。
这种机器不是普通工具，是可以源源不断生产高附加值商品，源源不断赚取黄金的生产力武器。
有意思的对比就在这里，英国把纺织机当成最高机密，严防死守。
而古代掌握花楼织机这项顶级黑科技的中国，却并没有做技术封锁。
随着贸易文化交流，这套机器的设计思想顺着丝绸之路向西传播，技术理念慢慢流转到中东，再辗转传到欧洲，最终启发雅卡尔的发明。
为什么这件事很少被大众提起？四大发明改变世界，更多偏向间接的影响力，而花楼织机是实打实的生产力硬核设备。
桑蚕是原料，花楼提花织机才是把蚕丝变成寸锦寸金奢侈品的核心装备，是古代中国对外贸易真正的杀器。
它不是一个小发明，而是一整套复杂的机械体系，集合机械传动、信息编码、存储程序思想。
他也留下一个值得思考的历史问题。
我们早早拥有存储程序的机械思想，做出极其精妙的专用设备，但始终依靠人力驱动，服务于高端奢侈品，没有进一步演化成机器大工业。
欧洲拿到这套思想的启发之后，结合水力、蒸汽动力，完成近代工业的跃迁。
我们仰望现代计算机的时候，很少回头看见。
千年之前，南京成都的织坊里面，木质的机器之上，两个人上下配合，丝线编织的花本已经完成了写程序、读程序、输出作品这件事。
云锦蜀锦每一寸华丽纹样背后，本质是一套古代的编码运算。

修正脚本

提到中国古代科技，大家脱口而出就是四大发明。
但很少有人知道，在古代世界，花楼织机是远超四大发明的纺织计算机。
真正直接换来真金白银，相当于今天光刻机级别的硬核高科技，是中国的提花织机，也就是织出云锦、蜀锦、宋锦的花楼织机。
很多人以为丝绸之路只是我们会养蚕抽丝，其实养蚕只是原材料，普通单色丝绸绢帛只能算普通商品。
真正让欧洲阿拉伯人愿意捧着黄金来换的，是织满龙凤花鸟、繁复纹样的织锦。
古语讲“锦，金也”，一寸锦等价一寸黄金。
不是文学夸张，是真实的经济价值。
想要织出这种复杂图案，靠手工刺绣效率极低，必须依靠一台庞大的可编程机械。
花楼织机，它就是一台没有芯片的人肉计算机，和三体人肉计算机异曲同工。
刘慈欣三体里面，3万个士兵举着旗帜模拟逻辑门。
用人来跑计算程序。
而中国唐宋成熟的花楼织机，就是现实世界的人肉可编程机器。
它已经实现了现代计算机存储程序的核心思想。
可以做通俗的类比，不是电子计算机，是逻辑架构的相似。
一、花本等于 ROM 只读存储器，一套用丝线编织出来的绳结组合就是它的程序代码。
每一组绳结记录指令，这一根经线要抬起来，那一根经线保持不动。
想要换龙凤纹样、花卉纹样。
不需要改动机器硬件，直接更换一套花本，就相当于给机器加载一套新程序。
二、拽花工，楼上工人等于 CPU 控制器，他不织布。
专门读取存储器花本，按顺序拉扯花本，翻译绳结的指令，控制成千上万根丝线的升降，就像 CPU 逐条读取程序指令。
发出控制信号。
三、经线丝线等于数据总线，只有两种状态，抬起或是落下，抬起相当于二进制的一。
落下相当于零，万千根丝线组合起来，零和一排列，就在布面上拼出完整图案，和像素屏幕原理一模一样。
四、下方织工加梭子、筘等于输出设备。
执行完一套指令，梭子穿过，筘打紧，输出一行像素，一行一行循环执行。
最后完整的锦绣布匹就被打印出来。
五、程序计数器按顺序读取花本，一行接一行，走完整个花纹序列。
当然，它不是现代冯诺依曼完整计算机。
它没有条件判断，没有跳转分支，只能执行预先写好的固定程序，不能中途改写存储的内容。
但把程序预先存储在介质上，机器读取程序完成复杂输出，这个革命性思想，中国人一千年前就实现了。
欧洲一直到1804年雅卡尔提花机诞生，才做到同等能力。
雅卡尔机本质就是把中国人的丝线花本换成打孔硬纸板，把楼上的人肉 CPU 替换成金属探针机械结构，去掉人工，自动读取打孔卡。
这套打孔卡技术后来一路演化。
编程早期计算机的穿孔纸带深刻影响了近代计算机发展史。
在这之前上千年，欧洲本土没有等价设备，想要华丽的提花锦缎只能花钱从东方进口。
他们本土织布只能织简单纯色布，复杂花纹只能工人一根一根手工挑线，效率极低。
纺织机，古代的光刻机，顶级高科技。
会严格技术封锁。
很多人会觉得技术封锁、严防技术外泄是近现代才有的事。
其实工业革命时期，纺织机械就是当时的芯片光刻机。
属于国家命根子，封锁极其残酷。
英国掌握先进纺织技术之后，立法严禁纺织机器、图纸出口，严禁熟练技工移民海外。
抓到就要坐牢罚款，严防技术流到别国。
独立之后的美国几乎没有工业，重金悬赏全世界掌握纺织技术的人才。
英国学徒塞缪尔斯莱特熟记整套水力纺织机全部结构，乔装伪装成普通农民，偷偷偷渡到美洲，没有带一张图纸，全凭大脑记忆。
在美国复刻全套机器，建起美国第一座水力纺织工厂。
在英国，他被骂叛国者，在美国，他被尊为美国制造业之父。
这和今天大国封锁高端半导体设备逻辑一模一样。
这种机器不是普通工具，是可以源源不断生产高附加值商品，源源不断赚取黄金的生产力武器。
有意思的对比就在这里，英国把纺织机当成最高机密，严防死守。
而古代掌握花楼织机这项顶级黑科技的中国，却并没有做技术封锁。
随着贸易文化交流，这套机器的设计思想顺着丝绸之路向西传播，技术理念慢慢流转到中东，再辗转传到欧洲，最终启发雅卡尔的发明。
为什么这件事很少被大众提起？四大发明改变世界，更多偏向间接的影响力，而花楼织机是实打实的生产力硬核设备。
桑蚕是原料，花楼提花织机才是把蚕丝变成寸锦寸金奢侈品的核心装备，是古代中国对外贸易真正的杀器。
它不是一个小发明，而是一整套复杂的机械体系，集合机械传动、信息编码、存储程序思想。
它也留下一个值得思考的历史问题。
我们早早拥有存储程序的机械思想，做出极其精妙的专用设备，但始终依靠人力驱动，服务于高端奢侈品，没有进一步演化成机器大工业。
欧洲拿到这套思想的启发之后，结合水力、蒸汽动力，完成近代工业的跃迁。
我们仰望现代计算机的时候，很少回头看见。
千年之前，南京成都的织坊里面，木质的机器之上，两个人上下配合，丝线编织的花本已经完成了写程序、读程序、输出作品这件事。
云锦蜀锦每一寸华丽纹样背后，本质是一套古代的编码运算。

英文翻译

When it comes to ancient Chinese science and technology, the first thing that pops into everyone's mind is the Four Great Inventions.
But few people know that in the ancient world, the Hualou Jacquard Loom was a textile "computer" that far outperformed the Four Great Inventions.
The real hard-core high-tech that directly brought in real gold and silver, equivalent to today's lithography machine-level core technology, is China's jacquard loom, which is exactly the Hualou Jacquard Loom that weaves Yun Brocade, Shu Brocade and Song Brocade.
Many people think that the core advantage of China on the Silk Road is just sericulture and silk reeling. In fact, sericulture only provides raw materials, and ordinary monochrome silk is just an ordinary commodity.
It is the brocade woven with intricate patterns of dragons, phoenixes, flowers and birds that Europeans and Arabs were willing to trade with gold for.
As the ancient Chinese saying goes, "Jin (brocade) is gold", an inch of brocade is equal in value to an inch of gold.
This is not literary exaggeration, but a real economic fact.
To weave such complex patterns, hand embroidery is extremely inefficient, so a large programmable mechanical device is a must.
The Hualou Jacquard Loom is a human-powered computer without chips, which shares the same principle as the human computer in *Three-Body*.
In Liu Cixin's *Three-Body*, 30,000 soldiers hold flags to simulate logic gates.
They run computing programs with human power.
And the mature Hualou Jacquard Loom that appeared in China's Tang and Song dynasties is a real-world human-powered programmable machine.
It has already realized the core idea of stored-program of modern computers.
We can make a simple analogy: it is not an electronic computer, but its logical architecture is similar.
1. The pattern base (Huaben) equals ROM, read-only memory. A set of knot combinations woven with silk threads is its program code.
Each group of knots records instructions: this warp thread needs to be lifted, while that warp thread stays still.
If you want to switch between dragon-phoenix patterns and flower patterns,
you do not need to modify the machine hardware, just replace a set of pattern base, which is equivalent to loading a new program into the machine.
2. The pattern puller, the worker on the upper floor of the loom, equals the CPU controller. He does not weave.
He is specially responsible for reading the pattern base (the memory), pulling the pattern base in order, translating the instructions of the knots, and controlling the lifting of thousands of silk threads, just like a CPU reads program instructions one by one,
and sends out control signals.
3. Warp threads equal the data bus. They only have two states: lifted or lowered. Lifting equals 1 in binary,
lowering equals 0. The combination of thousands of silk threads and the arrangement of 0s and 1s spell out a complete pattern on the fabric, which is exactly the same as the principle of a pixel screen.
4. The weaver at the lower part, plus the shuttle and reed, equal the output device.
After a set of instructions is executed, the shuttle passes through, the reed beats the weft tight, and outputs a row of pixels. The process repeats row by row.
Finally, a complete beautiful brocade fabric is "printed".
5. The program counter reads the pattern base in order, row by row, until the entire pattern sequence is completed.
Of course, it is not a complete modern von Neumann computer.
It has no conditional judgment, no jump branches, can only execute pre-written fixed programs, and cannot modify the stored content halfway.
But the revolutionary idea of pre-storing programs on a medium and letting the machine read programs to complete complex output was realized by Chinese people 1,000 years ago.
Europe did not achieve the same capability until the birth of the Jacquard loom in 1804.
Essentially, the Jacquard loom replaced the Chinese silk pattern base with punched cardboard, replaced the human CPU on the upper floor with a metal probe mechanical structure, removed manual labor, and automatically read punched cards.
This punched card technology evolved continuously later.
Punched paper tape for early programming profoundly affected the development history of modern computers.
For thousands of years before that, there was no equivalent equipment in Europe. To get gorgeous jacquard brocade, Europeans could only import it from the East at high cost.
Local weavers in Europe could only weave simple solid-color cloth, and for complex patterns, workers had to pick threads one by one by hand, which was extremely inefficient.
The textile loom was the lithography machine of ancient times, top-level high technology.
And strict technological blockade was implemented for it.
Many people think that technological blockade and strict prevention of technology leakage are things that only existed in modern times.
In fact, during the Industrial Revolution, textile machinery was the chip and lithography machine of that era.
It was the lifeblood of a country, and the blockade was extremely harsh.
After Britain mastered advanced textile technology, it enacted laws to strictly ban the export of textile machinery and drawings, and strictly prohibit skilled technicians from immigrating overseas.
Captured violators would face imprisonment and fines, and Britain strictly prevented the technology from flowing to other countries.
After independence, the United States had almost no industry, so it offered huge rewards for talents with textile technology from all over the world.
Samuel Slater, a British apprentice, memorized the entire structure of the water-powered textile machine, disguised himself as an ordinary farmer, and smuggled to North America without bringing a single drawing, relying entirely on his memory.
He reproduced the complete set of machinery in the United States and built the first water-powered textile factory in the United States.
In Britain, he was denounced as a traitor, while in the United States, he was honored as the Father of American Manufacturing.
This is exactly the same logic as today's great powers blockading high-end semiconductor equipment.
This kind of machine is not an ordinary tool, it is a productivity weapon that can continuously produce high value-added goods and continuously earn gold.
An interesting contrast lies here: Britain regarded textile machinery as top secret and guarded it strictly.
But ancient China, which mastered the top black technology of the Hualou Jacquard Loom, did not impose technological blockade.
With trade and cultural exchanges, the design concept of this machine spread westward along the Silk Road, the technological idea gradually spread to the Middle East, then to Europe, and finally inspired Jacquard's invention.
Why is this rarely mentioned by the public? The Four Great Inventions changed the world with more indirect influence, while the Hualou Jacquard Loom is a solid hard-core productivity equipment.
Mulberry silkworm provides the raw material, but the Hualou Jacquard Loom is the core equipment that turns silk into the "inch-brocade, inch-gold" luxury, and it is the real core weapon of ancient China's foreign trade.
It is not a small invention, but a complete set of complex mechanical system that integrates mechanical transmission, information coding, and stored-program ideas.
It also leaves a thought-provoking historical question.
We had the idea of stored-program machinery very early, and made extremely sophisticated special equipment, but it always relied on human power, served high-end luxury goods, and never further evolved into large-scale industrial machinery.
After Europe got the inspiration from this idea, it combined it with hydraulic and steam power to complete the leap of modern industry.
When we look up at modern computers, we rarely look back and see that:
A thousand years ago, in the weaving workshops of Nanjing and Chengdu, on the wooden loom, two people cooperated up and down, and the pattern base woven with silk threads had already completed the whole process of writing programs, reading programs, and outputting works.
Behind every gorgeous pattern of Yun Brocade and Shu Brocade, it is essentially a set of ancient coding operations.